g
03
[1951-1980]_A = 0 °C
g02 [1961-1990]_B = 0 °C
g04 [1986-2005]_C = 0 °C
g
01
[ ]_X= 10 °C
°C
-4
°C
-2
°C
-3
°C
0
°C
-1
°C
+1
°C
+2
°C
+3
°C
+4
°C
+5
°C
+6
°C
+7
°C
+8
°C
4
°C
6
°C
8
°C
10
°C
14
°C
12
1951-1980
average relative
territoryoftruth
°C
+2
PANGEA
[-335.000.000 -> -175.000.000]
previous supercontinent [one large landmass]
INTERGLACIAL
_HOLSTEIN
[-424.000 -> -374.000]
GLACIAL
_ELSTERIAN
[-478.000 -> - 424.0000]
DINOSAURS
[-230.000.000 -> -66.000.000]
CENOZOIC
[--66.000.000 -> now]
age of the mammals
WHALES
[-40.000.000]
ANTARCTIC
GLACIATION
[-35.000.000]
HOMO ERECTUS
[-1.800.000]
OXYGENATION
[-3.500.000.000]
buildup of free oxygen in the athmosphere - O2
EARTH
FORMATION
[-4.500.000.000]
THE ICE AGE
_
QUATERNARY
[-2.500.000 -> now]
Glacials / Interglacials alter
ICE AGE_
KAROO
[-360.00.000 -> -260.000.000]
ICE AGE_
ANDEAN-SAHARAN
[-450.00.000 -> -420.000.000]
ICE AGE_
CRYOGENIAN
[-720.000.000 -> -635.000.000]
ICE AGE_
HURONIAN
[-2.450.000.000 -> -2.100.000.000]
INTERGLACIAL
_EEMIAN
[-130.000 -> -115.000]
GLACIAL
_SAALIAN
[-200.000 -> -130.0000]
HOMO SAPIENS
_SAPIENS
[-300.000]
INTERGLACIAL
_
HOLOCENE
[-11.500 -> NOW]
human civilisation
WRITING
[-3.1000]
eg. narmer palette, egypt
INDUSTRIALLY REFINED OIL
[1870]
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION / COAL
[1760]
GLACIAL
_WEICHSELIAN
[-110.000 -> -11.5000]
last “ice age”
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
[-2.500.000.000]
0
-10.000
-5.000
-20.000
-200.000
-100.000
-15.000
-300.000
-400.000
-50.000.000
-5.000.000
-500.000
-500.000.000
-5.000.000.000
2050
2010
2100
2200
2011
1920
1940
1960
1930
1910
1950
1970
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1931
1932
1934
1933
1911
1912
1914
1913
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1951
1952
1954
1953
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1971
1972
1974
1973
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1994
1993
2040
2030
1980
1981
1982
1984
1983
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1931
1932
1934
1933
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1921
1922
1924
1923
1890
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1891
1892
1894
1893
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1961
1962
1964
1963
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2012
2014
2013
2025
2035
2026
2036
2027
2037
2028
2038
2029
2039
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2250
2150
2300
1880
2016
1900
2000
°C
0
°C
+2
TEMPERATURE
-65.000.000 -> 2300
-65.000.000 -> 450.000 -> -20.000
[g01]
[-65.000.000 -> 1950]
data source
_01:
Hansen J,
The Royal Society,
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric CO2
,
2013,
Fig.
4
graph_[-14dC_↓/ x=0 ]_X
http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/roypta/371/2001/20120294.full.pdf
-20.000 -> -9.000
-> 1880
[g02]
[-20.000 -> 2100] [0=
relative to 1961-1990 average]
data source
_02:
Marcott et al.
,
Science,
A Reconstruction of Regional and Global Temperature for the Past 11,300 Years
,
2013
, Fig.
4 /
Fig.
1/
Fig.
3
graph_[+0.2dC_↑/1961-1990 = 0]_B
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/339/6124/1198
1880 -> 2016
[g03]
[1880 -> 2016] [0=
relative to 1951-1980 average]
data source
_03:
NASA
‘s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS),
Global Temperature
,
2017
graph_[0dC_↑↓/1951-1980 = 0 ]_A
https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/
GRAPH [g03]
created from dataset
2016 -> 2300
[g04]
[1765 -> 2300] [0=
relative to 1986 -2005 average]
data source
_04:
IPCC AR5
Fifth assesement report,
the physical science basis,
2013
,
Fig.
12.5
./page 1054
graph_[+4dC_↑/1986-2005 = 0]_C
http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_Chapter12_FINAL.pdf
GRAPH [g04]
BLACK:
Variations of temperature derived from ice cores [isotope ratios], deep-sea
sediment and continental records; complementary from coral and lake level
data
YELLOW:
central estimates and likely ranges for
projections
of global temperature
[in 2100 relative to pre-industrial values +2.6, +4.5, +6.0, +8.5 W/m2]
dots:
RCP8.5
[+8.5 W/m2 stays on earth, emissions continue to rise throughout 2100+]
line:
RCP2.6
[+2.6 W/m2 stays on earth, emissions decline after 2020]
thin:
RCP6
[+6 W/m2 stays]
, RCP4
[+4 W/m2 stays]
date:
2013 /2017
0:
relative to
1951-1980
average
temperatures
[C= g04]
[variations in the degree scale_ to other graphs see append]
RCP:
Representative Concentration Pathways / greenhouse gas concentration trajectories
They describe a possible range of
radiative forcing
values.
[Positive radiative forcing: Earth receives more incoming energy from sunlight than it radiates to space.]
[in 2100 relative to pre-industrial values +2.6, +4.5, +6.0, +8.5 W/m2]
RCP2.6
+2.6 W/M2
RCP 4.5
RCP 6
RCP8.5
+8.5 W/
m
2
[g02-2]
<- 11.880 y ->
[g02-1]
<- 11.000 y ->
[g03]
<- 136 y ->
[g01-2]
<- 480.000 y ->
[g01-1]
<- 64.500.000 y ->
[g04]
<- 284 y ->
[g04] end